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A Comparison of File Formats:
PCL, HPGL, TIFF, PDF, and HTML
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Criteria for choosing a portable document format
Every document format has advantages and limitations. When choosing
how to archive and distribute print-formatted documents, you should consider the amount
and the kind of information to be presented, how accurate it must appear, and the timeframe, staff, and budget for
"creating" and updating the documents and maintaining the supporting systems.
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Feature
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HTML
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Vector PDF
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Raster PDF
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PCL/HPGL
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TIFF
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Files can be viewed with
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Any browser
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SwiftView Pro+PDF, Acrobat Reader
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SwiftView Pro+PDF, Acrobat Reader
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SwiftView, others
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SwiftView, others
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Free viewer available
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Yes
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Yes
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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Create without special software ($)
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No
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No
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No
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Yes
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No
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Online image accurately matches printed format
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No
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Somewhat
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Yes
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Yes
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Yes
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Automated updates without quality checking
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No
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No
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Yes
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Yes
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Yes
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Print mixed legal+letter
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No
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V3,4,5: No
V6+: Yes
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V3,4,5: No
V6+: Yes
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Yes
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Yes
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Small files
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Yes
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No
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Yes, for an image
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Yes - Zipped PCL is up to 32 times smaller than PDF!
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Yes, for an image
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Practical document page limit
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20
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200
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200
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1,000,000
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10,000
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Searchable text
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Yes
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Yes
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Sometimes, e.g. from SwiftView
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PCL Yes except from non-SwiftPublish print drivers
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Sometimes, e.g. from SwiftView
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Fast display
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Yes
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No
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No
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Yes
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Yes
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When to choose PCL/HPGL
PCL (including its drawing subset, HPGL) is a powerful and useful intranet and Internet document format.
PCL does not replace all uses of HTML or PDF, nor is it
about, database interchange (like XML). PCL is about printable documents, and is ideal when precise
formatting, ease of document production, and simplicity of document overall system development and support are
paramount.
PCL is the actual document exactly as it prints on LaserJet-compatible printers.
With PCL, you can go from printed page to distributable electronic document without proofing because they are in
fact the same - not a conversion.
Conversion to other formats changes the appearance either completely (like HTML) or in sometimes-not-so-subtle
ways (like PDF).
Here are a few examples of when to use PCL/HPGL:
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When the format of documents (how they appear on paper) is legally controlled or extremely
important.
PCL has proven to be better for: loan application packages, financial documents in general, government documents, user manuals,
reports, documentation, bills, statements, invoices, etc.
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When the document has page layout. Examples are page headers and footers and the phrase,
"see page 42 for details." HTML has neither page numbers nor even the concept of "pages."
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When the document is designed to be printed on paper. ERP reports are an
excellent example. Since they are already being printed, they are already in PCL and there is essentially no
additional effort to create PCL. Using PDF or HTML requires conversion steps that can be expensive, time-consuming,
difficult to efficiently implement, and impossible to keep 100% accurate.
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When there is no huge IT document management organization. Without even knowing it, most business people use PCL every day
whenever they print on a Windows laser printer. PCL can be created as an electronic file simply by using "print to file"
in a Windows print dialog. All other formats require some sort of non-automatic, complex conversion
software and/or deployment processes.
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When documents are LARGE, such as huge reports or print jobs, many with hundreds of thousands of pages
of related information. Breaking them apart is an artificial process that makes their management much more difficult.
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2-D Engineering drawing interchange. HPGL is THE standard for sharing drawings because like PCL it is
the actual output to many large-format plotters.
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In business-to-business applications. PDF and Acrobat have an advantage for casual use, consumer-facing
applications because of the general availability of free Acrobat Reader. In production, frequent, use,
business-to-business applications, one minute to transparently download and install SwiftView viewer is negligible
compared to the productivity savings of a small, fast, reliable viewer and document format.
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When to choose TIFF
More about TIFF
TIFF is THE STANDARD for capturing and archiving black and white images, e.g., FAXed and scanned paper
documents. And SwiftView is a leading tool for production viewing and printing of TIFF images.
Here's why!
PDF is starting to see some use for imaging, due to Adobe's constant drumbeating, the availability of free
Acrobat Reader, and two features that the original TIFF standard lacks: embedding searchable text such
as that produced by OCR (optical character recognition),
and the highly efficient JBIG2 compression format for bitonal images.
However, recent advances in TIFF standards have eliminated most PDF advantages.
TIFF files can now contain text for Windows OS fileystem search (supported in
SwiftView 8.3.3), and ISO has published a new TIFF/IT extension for JBIG2.
PDF also has been adapted for the graphics arts industry, incorporating some of the more recent color matching
and other advanced graphics arts technologies.
SwiftView's outstanding display speed and advanced TIFF features overshadow any
other reasons to build a business scanning, imaging, or archiving application around PDF instead of TIFF.
For more information about the TIFF standard, see the
TIFF home page at Adobe (Adobe
currently administers the TIFF 6.0 specification).
For more about the TIFF/IT standard for prepress digital data exchange, see the Library of Congress overview.
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When to choose HTML
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is an excellent format for documents that are largely text and whose exact formatting is
not critical. HTML is relatively format-free and works best only with trivial graphics. The text
does not appear in pages with a specific width or length, so changing the browser window shape may change the
width and placement of text and images.
You never know how many pages there are until you actually print them!
Graphics are limited to simple GIF, JPEG, and PNG images unless plug-ins are
installed. Even then, each image is a separate file, increasing website server software requirements. HTML has the
advantages of ubiquity (since it can usually be viewed with any web browser), and a "dynamic
formatting" approach.
PCL has these advantages over HTML:
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Single File - An HTML "page" tends to be composed of many separate
files. This makes the document as a whole difficult to create and maintain. A PCL document is
normally a single file.
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No Conversion/Fast Turnaround without Proofing - Even relatively simple text formatting cannot be
easily translated to HTML. For example, the SwiftView Configuration Manual is 100% text,
about 40 pages long, and is maintained in Microsoft Word. Both Microsoft Word's Internet Assistant and QuadSoft's HotMetal Pro can convert it to HTML, but neither handles the indents,
columns and a number of other issues properly. The result is many hours of effort to "finish converting" it to
HTML each time the manual is released. The PCL manual can be "created" in less than 30 seconds without special software
or special review: we just print-to-file and put it on our website. This allowed us to easily split the manual recently,
take a look at both. The "creation" and upload can even be automated!
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True Formatting - The lack of true formatting in HTML can be a problem for many documents.
For example, what if your original document is a training or reference manual which says "see page 23 for details"?
In HTML, there are no pages without substantial, special work whose result is most often awkward to use. With PCL, pages,
page numbers, headers and footers are all preserved. With PCL, the entire document is real and identical to the original,
because it IS the original.
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Accurate Appearance - If you expect users to print pages, HTML cannot reliably reproduce the exact
appearance of the onscreen page on paper. PCL can, because it is the printer format.
Documents whose original format is important are excellent candidates for PCL.
When to choose PDF
More about Raster v.s. Vector PDF
PDF, due to its PostScript heritage, and ongoing development in the graphic arts industry, has many more features, especially in rendering color photos and graphics. As a
result, PDF is the language of choice for documents which require highly accurate color reproduction.
It also is MASSIVELY more complex than PCL, HPGL, or TIFF, making it difficult to reliably
display and print any PDF file.
Because PDF is not an actual print format (except for a few very expensive, large production printers)
most documents are printed to PCL office printers when proofing PDF conversions. Because the PDF becomes PCL before
printing, this additional conversion can and does introduce errors, altering the document's appearance and content, so documents must
always be re-checked ONLINE with Acrobat for accuracy. This is much harder than with a real paper copy. Thus, PDF
is best suited for single-version, graphics-intensive, high-color documents with few authors and many readers, supporting the
extra proofing steps. For most other applications: large reports, business-to-business communications, document sharing, and
engineering drawings, PCL and HPGL are clearly better portable document formats.
PCL has several key advantages over PDF because:
PCL is the document print stream - it inherently maintains the
document's true appearance
PCL is the standard stream of data accepted by all HP LaserJet and compatible printers - most office printers in the world. Because it
is a print format, you can simply copy PCL into a LaserJet any time from a DOS command line and you have the original document on
paper again. Because PDF is a converted version of the document and does print directly to
your printer, PDF can and often does modify the original appearance of the document. For
example, PCL files printed from documents that contain mixed page sizes, such as mortage closing packages and
legal contracts, will always print on the proper sized pages (if the printer supports multiple
paper sizes). The same document in PDF, printed from Acrobat Reader, will not print on the correct paper
sizes. Furthermore, because PDF depends on Acrobat for printing, printing PDF is slow and error-prone.
Capturing PCL from your documents is free, easy, and zero-cost.
Any program that prints on a LaserJet printer can output PCL for free. On Windows, capturing
PCL is as simple as clicking the "print to file" box in the Windows print dialogue. On UNIX systems, it's easy
to redirect capture of the print queue. Adobe Acrobat authoring software costs up to $449 per user, and
is relatively difficult to implement on production systems. Finally, and most importantly,
since PDF documents are conversions, each must be carefully examined to ensure integrity, a time-consuming QA process.
SwiftPublish allows you to automate capture of zipped PCL print files directly from Windows
applications. It also insures that the resulting PCL file is fully searchable (a problem in the Windows
print environment.)
PCL files are generally smaller than PDF files, and always smaller when zipped
Zipped PCL files are up to 32 times smaller than PDF equivalents for normal business documents.
SwiftView directly views industry-standard ZIP-compressed PCL files.
Acrobat Reader cannot view zipped PDF.
Even documents with substantial graphics—what PDF is best at—can be smaller in zipped PCL than in PDF. This
advantage translates to substantially faster document and drawing viewing, as well as reduced server and Internet connection
loads. On the Internet, the display speed of zipped PCL over PDF is dramatic, and is completely transparent to users:
SwiftView views the file just as if it was unzipped, except much sooner!
PCL inherently renders more easily and quickly than PDF for many documents.
Users printing large documents or many documents select PCL over PostScript or PDF because PCL's relative simplicity enables much
faster viewing and printing speeds.
PCL is an open standard
The most important definition of "open" is the ability to change vendors while retaining control over data.
Companies who adopt widely-used open standards like PCL and HPGL will always have a choice of vendors who drive one another
to produce higher quality software because they are truly competitive. Users of Adobe's proprietary formats must generally
use only Adobe-driven technology. Competing implementations for creating and reading PDF are weak at best, keeping
PDF users captive to Adobe. Acrobat Reader, like most free software, has few updates
and support is nonexistent.
Better, faster tools for real productivity
Of course one of PCL's biggest advantages is the SwiftView viewer!
But PCL's inherent speed and simplicity make other PCL tools better, such as the high-performance Direct Mail
tools from Jet Letter and
Mailing Innovations.
Most report and forms generators output PCL because it is very easy to take a simple text file and add PCL formatting to it.
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Customers tell us: Why PCL works better than PDF for their documents
Customers tell us: Why HPGL works better than PDF for their drawings |
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